Some rusty-spotted cat habitat is in semi-arid and tropical climates. In southern India, the species is being found in rafters of abandoned houses in areas a considerable distance away from forests. This species, along with other small cat species in the oriental region, may be surviving in agricultural areas because of large rodent populations. Rusty-spotted cats inhabit mainly dry forest areas, but within the last few years a breeding group was found living in a human inhabited agricultural area in West Maharashtra, India. ( Anwar, et al., 2010 Athreya, 2010 Behera and Borah, 2010 Gavali, et al., 2008 Kumara and Singh, 2005 Kumara and Singh, 2007 Manakadan and Sivakumar, 2005 Patel, 2010 Pillay, 2008 Vyas, et al., 2007) These cats inhabit the the Nugu Wildlife Sanctuary, state of Karnataka, the Nagarjunasagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve in Andhra Pradesh, and other parts of Andhra Pradesh, such as the Nellore district. Rusty-spotted cats also live in the state of Gujarat, where they occur in semi-arid, dry, tropical, and deciduous forests in the center of the state and also in the city of Navagam. The species is also found in the Varushanad Valley, Western Ghats, part of a biodiversity hotspot. The first sighting of the animal in Central India was in the Nagzira Wildlife Sanctuary in Maharastra the animal has since been spotted in many parts of Maharastra, including West Maharastra where a breeding population was identified alongside agricultural and human dominated landscapes. The northern most location where the species has been sighted is in the Pilibhit forest division, which is in the Indian Terai region in the state of Uttar Pradesh. New localities that host this species are found with more research, increasing the known range of the species.
Rusty-spotted cats, Prionailurus rubiginosus, are found only in India and Sri Lanka.
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